Sound transmitting and receiving apparatus



Feb. 21, 1939. K. F. HAINES 2,147,649

I SOUND TRANSMITTING AND RECEIVING APPARATUS Filed April 22, 1936 a 66 43 6562 so 67 n 2 INVENTOR. Ken/wile E flames ATTORNEY.

Patented Feb. 21, 1939 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE SOUND TRANSMITTING AND RECEIVING APPARATUS Application April 22, 1936, Serial No. 75,774

6 Claims. 7 (Cl. 181'-0.5).'

The present invention relates to submarine signaling and more particularly to a means for transm tting and receivin compressional waves, particularly in the so-called supersonic range.

5 In the supersonic range the transmitters and receivers in a great 'many cases have directive characteristics. that is they radiate energy more intensely in some directions than in others and it becomes necessary. therefore. to properly orient the unit in the desired direction. This is part cularly true in devices used for measur ng the d stance of reflecting bodies and perha s more particularly for depth sounding where from a vessel it is des rable to direct the beam downward.

One method by which this result has been accomnlished in the installation of vessels is by the construct on of a so-called hull casing in which the sound-generating diaphragm or projector is normally positioned horizontally. In such construct ons. however, the contour of the ship and s ope of the bottom must be known in advance in order to design the proper unit in which the d aphragm will assume a horizontal position. Tbs either necessitates havin a large group of 5 units on hand of different kinds from which the desired one may be selected or waitin until the position on the vessel has been selected before construc ing the particular unit for it. This at t mes not only causes delay, but'also means snecial work and requires a great amount of stock to be had on hand.

The present inventionnot only overcomes these dfliculties but also provides an improved type of mounting which is particularly useful in the ins a lation of a high frequency unit. The entire unit which includes a casing and a thin diaphragm may be mounted in the skin of a vessel and directly exposed to the sound-propagating medium. Further, the unit is properly adjustable so that adownward beam may be produced and reception may be had with a directive characteristic from the downward direction with" the result that a maximum efliciency of transmission is obtained.

The invention will be more fully understood j in connection with the description given below" of the embodiment as illustrated by the'drawing in which Fig. 1 shows a sectional view- 01' the device through the casing and the skin of the vessel; Fig. 2 shows an end view as seen in Fig.'

1; Fig. 3 illustrates the mounting of two units for a transmission and reception on a vessel; and Fig. 4 shows a ,detail. a v

. -In Fig. 1 the skin of the vessel'is shown at l in which the entire unit 2 is mounted by means of the bolts 3 passing through a flange 4 in the casing 5 of "the unit. The flange 4 is mounted on a heavy ring 8 which maybe welded to the sk n of the vessel as shown by l or may be riveted or attached in some other suitable manner. The I Casng 5 is providedwith a diaphragm 8 forming a continuous surface with the side of the vessel and integral with the side wall 9 ofthe casing. The end of the casing is closed by a cover plate Hi held to the flange I2 by the bolts I l. Proper gaskets as indicated at l3 may be used in. order to make the casing 2 watertight. A stufling box It may be provided at the center of the cover I 0 through which the cable or conduit l5 may conduct the electrical conductors. i ll! On the top of the casing are mounted two pro- .iecting arms l6 and I7 indicated more clearly in Fig. 2, which projecting arms are provided with two holes l8 and I9 through which bolts and 2! pass. Attached to the face of eacharm are 20 plates 22 and 23 which have a hole corresponding to the position of. the bolt 20 so that the bolt 23 may pass through it. The plates 22 and 23 are pivoted in this way by means of the bolts 20. The. bolts 2| pass through a slot 24 in'Fig. 1 in the plates 22 and 23 by which the oscillating unit 75 may be tilted, as indicated in the drawing,

' from a vertical to a non-vertical position as shown by the dotted line'in Fig. 1. The plates 22 and 23 are raised or tilted in the proper position after which the nuts 26. '26 are tightened to hold the unit in its proper desired position. The plates 22 and 23 are provided with projecting portions 21 and 28 and V-shaped grooves 29 and 30 formed in it. The V-shaped grooves 29 and 30 are actually formed by the combination ofplates 22 and 3| on the one side and 23 and 32 on the other side, there being formed at the end of the plate 22 an inclined cut 33 and a corresponding inclined cut in a complementary direction as indicated by the line 34. The plate 3| is held to the plate 22 by means of the screws 35 through which a tie wire 36 may be placed to insur them the screws do not come loose.

a A similar construction is provided in connection with the plates 23 and 32. The oscillator 25 is made up'of a plurality of magnetostr'ictive laminations. vIt may, however, be made of some other construction that may produce vibrations in the manner desireda These laminations are v shown in Fig. 2 aslying in the plane of the paper I as indicated by 25 and have formed at the center thereof a V-shaped projection 31 setting in the groove 29. v

In this manner the oscillator is held firmly ception 4 I.

in place between the arms 22 and 23 and in a direction in which the V-shaped projection 31 is perpendicular to the direction of the arms 22 and 23. This also insures the uniform adjustment of the arms 22 and 23. In the adjustment of the position of the oscillator both bolts 2| are therefore loosened and the oscillator positioned in the desired position as, for instance, that shown by the dotted line in Fig. 1. One bolt may then be tightened and then the other one, the positioning, therefore, being definitely fixed.

Figure 3 shows two units 40 and ll, one position for transmission 40 and the other for re- These are preferably arranged one on one side of the keel 42 and the other on the other side of the keel so that some screening is obtained between the two units.

The oscillator as shown in the position in Fig. 2 is vibrated vertically so that the end 43 vibrates in a direction perpendicular to the surface 8. When tilted, as indicated in Fig. 1, the sound is propagated in a general direction downward with an axis more particularly directed in the direction of the arrow 44. The diaphragm 8, however, is sufficiently large enough so that the sound or compressional waves is radiated downward through the thin diaphragm 8 and outward to the water medium beyond. The inside of the casing 2 is preferably filled with a liquid which may be water but castor oil or some non-corrosive material is usually employed.

-The invention in the present application is applicable more to a compressional wave transmitting or receiving apparatus in which the device has certain directive characteristics and properties and in this connection may be associated with a magnetostrictive device particularly of the type illustrated in the drawing in which the supporting line for the oscillating elements coincides with the amplitude node of the system.

In the device illustrated in Figure 2 the plate 60 has the projecting V at its middle and the piece being symmetrical with the line joining the two v supports a node will be present along this line as well as along the supporting edge running perpendicular to the plane of the paper. The plates 60 are put together to form a laminated block, being stacked up in the plane of the paper bound by means of the binding wires BI and 62. The current may be conducted to the device by means of the wires 63 and 64 which thread around the upright elements through the slots 65, 66 and 61. v

In Figure 4 is shown a view of the supporting plate 23 indicating a pivot 68 and the slot 24.

Having now described my. invention, I claim:

In a submarine signaling system having an oscillator and a casing for the same adapted to be mounted in the skin of a vessel, means for supporting the oscillator within the casing with its radiating surface facing in a predetermined fixed direction with respect to the vessel comprising means projecting from an inside wall of said casing including an arm, a plate adiustably pivoted to said arm and means for attaching the oscillator to said plate.

2. In a submarine signaling system having an oscillator constructed as a half wave longitudinally vibrating body with a vibrationalnode along its length and a casing for the same adapted to be mounted in the skin of the vessel, means for supporting the oscillator within the casing with its radiating surface facing in a predetermined fixed direction with respect to the vessel comprising, in combination, V-shaped projections positioned on the oscillator at the said vibrational node, plate means formed to fit said V'-shaped projections and means for supporting said plate means within the casing including means for adjustably positioning said plate means with respect to said supporting means.

3;,In a submarine signaling system having an oscillator constructed as a half wave longitudinally vibrating body with a vibrational node along its lengthand a casing for the same adapted to be mounted in the skin of a vessel, means for supporting the oscillator within the casing with its radiating surface facing in a predetermined fixed direction with respect to the vessel comprising a pair of plate elements attached to the oscillator at vibrational nodes, means for supporting said plate elements to one sided said -'casing including means pivoting the same and means adiustably positioning said plate elements on said pivoting means.

4. In a submarine signaling system having an oscillator and a casing for the same adapted to -be mounted'in the skin of a vessel, means for supporting the oscillator within the casing with its radiating surface facing in a predetermined fixed'direction with respect to the vessel com-.

prising means projecting from the top of said casing including two arm elements, a pair of plates supported from said arm elements, means adjustably positioning fsaid plates on said arm elements and means including said plate elements for supporting said oscillator unit thereby;

5. In a submarine signaling system having an oscillator constructed as a half wave longitudinally vibrating body with a vibrational node along its length and a casing for the same adapted to be mounted in the skin of avessel, means for supporting the oscillator within the casing with its radiating surface facing in a predetermined -fixed direction with respect to the vessel comprising means adjustably supporting said oscillator within said casing including a plurality of arms projecting from one end of the casing, a plurality of plate means adjustably positioned on said arms and means including said plate means for supporting said oscillator at nodal points thereof.

6. In a submarine signaling system having an oscillator with a directional transmission and reception characteristic, an oscillator housing casing adapted to be installed in the skin of vessels having various planes of inclination with reference to their respective fore and aft lines and means within said casing for supporting said oscillator from said casing including means for adjusting the position of the oscillator with respect to the casing to compensate for the differing inclinations of the skins of difierent ships I to insure such positioning of the oscillator-that its directional characteristic is normally in a downward direction.

KENNETH- FREDERICK mamas. 

